Caravanserai of Sa’d al-Saltaneh

Description

Sa’d al-Saltaneh Caravanserai in Qazvin is the largest Indoor Caravanserai and the city’s commercial center, which is considered one of the most important historical attractions of Qazvin.

Sa’d al-Saltanah’s Caravanserai, which is also known as Sa’d-al-Saltaneh, Seraye Sadiya, Sadaat and Sada-al-Saltaneh, is the largest covered camp caravanserai and the city’s commercial center in Iran, with an area of ​​over 6.2 hectares, was built by governor of Qazvin Bagher Khan Saad al-Saltanah at the end of the reign of Nasir al-Din Shah Qajar.

Construction of the building and façade

Some say that because the caravanserai complex was built at the place of the Chougan Square of the Safavid era (garden of Sadat Garden, Square of Sa’adat), it was said to be the Sadat Saray.

Mohammad Bagherkhan Saad al-Saltanah Esfahani, the governor of Qazvin, ordered the caravanserai to built in Qazvin on a land with an area of ​​6.2 hectares with about 400 cellars in the city at the end of the reign of Naser-al-Din Shah Qajar (1310 AH), due to the extensive economic relations between Iran and Russia and Turkey and his name is on it.

After a couple of years, two famous architects of Isfahani and two Qazvini architects have been operating on it and this monument was opened in the year 1312 AH. Chambers with junctions reflect the beauty and design of the plan that pass through the eastern, western, northern, and southern axes of the Bazaar. The vertical axis joins the Charsoogh of the caravanserai, and the architecture of the Qazvin school in the commercial spaces is displayed in a very beautiful and lasting manner. On top of these Charsoogh, big dome and on the four sides there are four half-domes, all of which are arranged and at the height of beauty. Multiple and long entrances, large courtyards, a large Dock with more than one hundred pillars of bricks, magnificent penthouses and chambers that extend far wide open spaces along the wide and long corridors, and decorate bricks and tiles. This collection is beautifully decorated. Before the First World War, the Sa’ad-e-Saltanah was considered to be the city’s commercial and business center, which, after political changes in the Russian government, lost its position as a bridge of commerce between Europe and Asia and its economic life as a half active continued.

Some cellars of the Saadal Saltanah Caravanserai were operated as stand-alone commercial, and some of them were in the form of a warehouse and part of the Salasalaneh Caravanserai as a flour mill and raisin factory and other parts were converted into shoe manufacturing workshops, carpets, woodwork and … And this caused the people to call it the “market of wood”. The most valuable part of this building is the Charsoogh that are made up of a double intersection and a tiled large dome over it. The ceiling is not light-skinned and is made in the form of a skylight, and connects the street to the main courtyard of Sa’d al-Saltanah. Four sides of the dome covered by four semi-domes decorated with formalizing and lightning which show the larger space. The eight buildings, which are located at the entrance, are decorated with bricks and tiles and have a tiled roof.